鐵路數字信號電纜的質量控制要點

點擊數：10452015-07-18 00:00:00　來源: 礦用通信電纜_控制電纜_計算機電纜_礦用網線_信號光纜生產廠家-信橋線纜有限公司

安(an)(an)全(quan)是(shi)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)運輸的(de)(de)永恒(heng)主題。隨(sui)著鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)運行(xing)(xing)列車向高速(su)、重載、安(an)(an)全(quan)、智能化的(de)(de)快速(su)發(fa)展，鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)通信(xin)信(xin)號(hao)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)性、可靠性尤為(wei)重要(yao)，要(yao)求也越來越高。因此對(dui)配(pei)套(tao)系(xi)(xi)統軟硬件的(de)(de)要(yao)求更加細化、完善、嚴格。應(ying)(ying)用于鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)信(xin)號(hao)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)數字信(xin)號(hao)電纜(lan)，對(dui)保障鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)信(xin)號(hao)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)正常運行(xing)(xing)至關重要(yao)。因此，應(ying)(ying)提高電纜(lan)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸性能穩定性與(yu)抗外界電磁場干擾能力，避免(mian)因電纜(lan)因素造成系(xi)(xi)統故障而(er)影響(xiang)行(xing)(xing)車安(an)(an)全(quan)。

在鐵(tie)路數字(zi)信號電纜的制造(zao)過程中，應(ying)從(cong)以(yi)下幾個方面進行質(zhi)量控制：

合(he)理的指導性文件

鐵(tie)路數(shu)字信號電纜(lan)指(zhi)導(dao)性(xing)工藝(yi)技術(shu)文(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)制定依據是TB/T3100《鐵(tie)路數(shu)字信號電纜(lan)》及其后續的(de)(de)修改(gai)單以及標(biao)準中(zhong)規定的(de)(de)規范性(xing)引用文(wen)件(jian)。指(zhi)導(dao)性(xing)的(de)(de)工藝(yi)技術(shu)文(wen)件(jian)、作業指(zhi)導(dao)書(shu)、檢驗(yan)檢測文(wen)件(jian)必須具備準確性(xing)、指(zhi)導(dao)性(xing)、可操(cao)作性(xing)，文(wen)件(jian)需細化至產(chan)(chan)品實現的(de)(de)每一個(ge)操(cao)作及控制要(yao)點、每一個(ge)工藝(yi)參數(shu)，能夠指(zhi)導(dao)完(wan)成產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)工藝(yi)過程(cheng)及檢驗(yan)檢測，能夠指(zhi)導(dao)實現產(chan)(chan)品標(biao)準中(zhong)所(suo)規定和各項性(xing)能指(zhi)標(biao)，并嚴格按質量體系的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)對(dui)文(wen)件(jian)資(zi)料進行(xing)管(guan)理。

優(you)質的原材(cai)料

鐵路數(shu)字信號電纜所用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅線(xian)坯(pi)、絕緣料(liao)(liao)(liao)、銅鋁帶等(deng)主要原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，直接決(jue)定了電纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電氣性能(neng)和機(ji)械物理(li)性能(neng)。原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)型與質(zhi)量(liang)控(kong)制是(shi)(shi)先決(jue)條件(jian)，是(shi)(shi)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎。因此，應(ying)按產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術要求選(xuan)擇(ze)理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，對進(jin)廠原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)按檢驗規范逐批(pi)進(jin)行檢測，確(que)保投(tou)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)合格；絕緣材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)、銅帶、鋁帶等(deng)關鍵材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在使用和存放過程中，應(ying)防止污(wu)染、氧化、受(shou)潮；有使用期限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)在規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效期內(nei)使用；各種絕緣材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志、標識一定要明(ming)確(que)、準確(que)，防止混(hun)用。

完(wan)好(hao)的生產設備

各生產(chan)設(she)備應(ying)確保完好，應(ying)能(neng)保證實現產(chan)品持續穩定(ding)的加工能(neng)力，設(she)備中的產(chan)品通道應(ying)確保產(chan)品不被磨損、刮傷(shang)、擠壓變形、過度(du)(du)彎曲等(deng)，張力機構應(ying)穩定(ding)可靠，避免因張力失(shi)控(kong)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)的產(chan)品質量缺陷(xian)；設(she)備的溫度(du)(du)、壓力、速(su)度(du)(du)、長度(du)(du)、直徑(jing)及同心度(du)(du)、電容(rong)、火(huo)花檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)等(deng)儀器儀表及傳感器應(ying)計量準確、顯示清晰、便(bian)于觀察，應(ying)按其相應(ying)的規定(ding)及要(yao)求經常清理(li)維護，并定(ding)期進行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)、校驗。

重要的(de)自(zi)檢(jian)互檢(jian)

電纜生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)制造過(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)(de)自檢(jian)與互(hu)檢(jian)非常(chang)重要，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)作業人(ren)員通過(guo)自檢(jian)與互(hu)檢(jian)掌握(wo)本工序(xu)各班(ban)次(ci)之間的(de)(de)質量動態(tai)、了解差異、及時修(xiu)正并(bing)排除(chu)，有利于(yu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)一致性；也可以通過(guo)自檢(jian)與互(hu)檢(jian)銜(xian)接上下(xia)道工序(xu)，保證產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)正確性，防止不合(he)格(ge)品(pin)流入下(xia)道工序(xu)造成(cheng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)不合(he)格(ge)及更大(da)的(de)(de)損(sun)失。

嚴格的出(chu)廠把關(guan)

產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)主要有生產過程(cheng)中(zhong)各(ge)工序質量(liang)控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)專檢(jian)(jian)(jian)及(ji)(ji)成品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)出廠把(ba)關(guan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)。首先，各(ge)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)儀表(biao)(biao)應按規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)期限及(ji)(ji)要求進行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)校驗，確(que)保檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)儀器、儀表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)好準確(que)狀態，確(que)保檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)數據具有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)真實性(xing)(xing)、可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)、重復性(xing)(xing)，其次(ci)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)人員(yuan)應熟知(zhi)儀器儀表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)，并嚴格(ge)按檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗作(zuo)業指(zhi)導書的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)進行(xing)規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)作(zuo)業及(ji)(ji)儀表(biao)(biao)維護；另(ling)外，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)儀表(biao)(biao)用電源電壓的(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)、儀表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)有效接地、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)溫度(du)、電磁(ci)干擾及(ji)(ji)儀表(biao)(biao)自(zi)身溫度(du)等都會影響檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)數據的(de)(de)(de)真實準確(que)性(xing)(xing)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)過程(cheng)中(zhong)應具體分析，排除因環(huan)境(jing)因素及(ji)(ji)儀表(biao)(biao)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)不穩定(ding)因素所造成的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)數據的(de)(de)(de)不確(que)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)。

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